How to promote deinstitutionalization due to solid organ transplantation? Current landscape in Brazil and cytomegalovirus infection prophylaxis with valganciclovir

Abstract

Objective: The study aimed to assess the landscape of solid organ transplants (SOT) in Brazil and understand differences between oral prophylaxis with valganciclovir and intravenous preemptive treatment with ganciclovir in patients at high risk for developing disease by cytomegalovirus (D+ /R-), and their potential impact on deinstitutionalization. Methods: Based on the Brazilian Hospital Information System (SIH/SUS) database, a retrospective analysis was performed to assess the main Brazilian transplantation centers and obtain the SOT performed in 2014. The analysis was based on time of hospitalization according to SOT, LOS (Length of Stay) of each pharmacological approach and number of D+/R- patients. LOS for preemptive treatment and prophylaxis was taken from a Brazilian reference institution guideline. The CMV infection rate was obtained from a literature review. Development of CMV disease after both prophylaxis and preemptive treatment was not considered in the analysis. Results: In 2014, the transplant centers performed a total of 6,912 SOT. The valganciclovir prophylaxis resulted in reduction of 21 days of LOS per patient. Based on the ratio of incremental daily between the use of ganciclovir and valganciclovir (21 days) and overall mean hospital stay in the SUS to any procedure (5.6 days), it may be suggested that 3.75 new admissions for any cause could occur in addition, for each patient treated with prophylactic valganciclovir. Conclusion: Valganciclovir prophylaxis for patients D+ /R- undergoing TOS is potentially able to promote deinstitutionalization, allowing greater convenience to patients transplanted and promoting the rational use of resources by the institution.